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AUTOLOGOUS RENAL EPITHELIAL CELLS DERIVED FROM RENAL CORTICAL TISSUE VIA KIDNEY BIOPSY. THE CELLS ARE DISSOCIATED FROM THE KIDNEY BIOPSY USING ENZYMATIC DIGESTION AND THEN CULTURED IN MEDIUM SUPPLEMENTED WITH SEVERAL GROWTH FACTORS AND CYTOKINES, INCLUDING EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR (EGF), HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR (HGF) AND INSULIN. PRIOR TO HARVESTING, CELLS ARE PLACED UNDER HYPOXIC CONDITIONS (2% OXYGEN). DENSITY GRADIENT IS USED TO SELECT THE DESIRED RENAL CELL POPULATION. THE FINAL CELL POPULATION EXPRESSES EPITHELIAL CELL MARKERS CYTOKERATIN 18 (CK18, >80%), GAMMA GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE 1 (GGT1, >18%) AND CONTAINS A LOW PERCENTAGE OF OTHER RENAL CELL TYPES (AQUAPORIN 2 (AQP2), LESS OR EQUAL TO 28%). THERE ARE FEW OR NO ENDOTHELIAL CELL PRESENT (LACK OF CD146 EXPRESSION). THE CELLS SECRETE VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF), AND DEMONSTRATE GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE (GGT) AND LEUCINE AMINOPEPTIDASE (LAP) ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY